CHINA'S CIVIL WAR TO THE KOREAN WAR

KMT DEFEAT AND WITHDRAWAL

Lin Biao (1907-71): military leader, who organized the Red Army into a modern fight force.  Lin became Mao's second-in-command during the Cultural Revolution, but he would later be accused of treason.

The second Cairo Conference (December 2-7, 1943): the second meeting of the WWII Allied leadership (including Chiang Kai-shek in this meeting), in which they issued a declaration of the goal of stripping Japan of all the territories it had seized since 1914 and restoring Korea to independence.

2-28-Incident: 1947 scuffle between civilians and Monopoly Bureau agents who use excessive force on an old woman peddling untaxed cigarettes sparked an island-wide uprising.  KMT troops suppressed the revolt and mercilessly pursued imprisoned and executed thousands of Taiwanese intellectuals.

Chen Yi: KMT general, who oversaw the early relocation of KMT forces to Taiwan, and was responsible for the brutal suppression of the 2-28 revolts.

EARLY COLD WAR SHIFTS IN SINO-US RELATIONS

Korean War (1950-1953): the conflict that erupted in June 1950 with the armed invasion of the Republic of Korea (South Korea) by the armed of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea).  The subsequent fighting resulted in an estimated 4,000,000 casualties.  The Korean War was the first conflict of the Cold War period.

Harry S. Truman (1884-1972): 33d President of the United States.

"Farm Rent Reduction Act" US-guided program to limit rent on farm land to 37.5 percent of the value of the crop, marking the first stage of Taiwan's land reform program.

Quemoy:  island of the coast of Fujian province that was occupied by the KMT when they were driven from the mainland by Chinese Communist forces in 1949. With Matsu Island, Quemoy was heavily bombed from the mainland in early 1955 and again in 1958.