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- Stephanie Rednour
- Robert Misior
- May 5, 2006
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- Pronounced “Tech” because it’s supposed to be the Greek letters Tau,
Epsilon, and Chi.
- TeX is a typesetting program used to produce documents. It has the same goal as Microsoft
Word, but the method to achieve the end document is different.
- Word is a WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) system. This means that what you see on the
screen is approximately what prints out on paper
- TeX is a markup language, similar to HTML, where the user enters the
format for the document as commands, as well as entering the text of the
document.
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- Pronounced “Lay-Tech” or “Lah-Tech”
- A supplement to TeX designed by Leslie Lamport (hence the “La” in LaTeX)
- In LaTeX itself, the word is written
- In ASCII we use LaTeX
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- LaTeX commands are CASE SENSITIVE!
- They always start with a \ and are followed by either a name with only
letters, or by a single non-letter (see Special Characters)
- Any whitespace after a command is ignored; put {V} to get a space after a command
- NOTE: the V symbol
represents one space
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- class – specifies the type of document to be created
- Ex. article, proc, minimal, report, book, slides
- options – parameters which allow the settings for the document class to
be changed
- Ex. 10 pt, 11 pt, 12 pt
- a4paper, letterpaper
- fleqn, leqno
- titlepage, notitlepage
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- Any of the below can be used as the class argument of \usepackage[options]{class}
- doc - documentation
- exscale – scaled versions of the math font
- fontenc – LaTeX font encoding
- ifthen – allows logical commands
- latexsym – symbol font
- makeidx – produces indexes
- syntonly – processes a document without generating the output; saves
time
- inputenc – allows specification of an input encoding (ASCII, Apple,
etc…)
- amsmath – special math commands
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- Setting the Page Style
- \pagestyle{style}
- style – sets the type of header or footer
- ex. plain, headings, empty…
- \thispagestyle{style} – applies the style to only the current page.
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- Including Files
- \include{filename}
- filename – name of another document that you want to include somewhere
in this document.
- NOTE: a new page is started where the document is inserted
- \includeonly{filename1, filename2, …}
- \include commands in the body will only work for filenames given as
arguments to this command.
- This command goes in the preamble, the other commands listed here go
in the body.
- \input{filename}
- works the same as the \include command, but LaTeX reorganizes the page
breaks after including the new document.
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- Use % comment text to add a single line of comments
- To add multiple lines of comments, use:
- \begin{comment}
- comment text
- \end{comment}
- *need to use package verbatim
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- Whitespace is any empty space on the page
- A single “V” space and
multiple spaces “VVVV” are all handled as a single space by LaTeX
- A single line break is also handled as a single space by LaTeX
- A double line break signals the end of a paragraph
- A period “.” after a lowercase letter is taken by LaTeX to be the end of
a sentence and therefore it automatically inserts a double space
- A period after an uppercase letter is taken as an abbreviation so no
extra space is added
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- To indicate that a period after a lowercase letter is part of an
abbreviation, use .~
- Use \@. to indicate a period after an uppercase letter is the end of a
sentence and not an abbreviation
- To remove the extra space after all periods, use the command \frenchspacing
- \/ is called the “Italic Correction.”
It inserts a small space after an italic letter to compensate for
the slant. (\/ is \ and / not the letter V)
- Any whitespace after a command is ignored; put {V} to get a space after a command
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- To insert horizontal blank space within a paragraph, use: \hspace{n} or \hspace*{n}
- the * tells LaTeX that even if there is a line break, don’t ignore the
horizontal space
- n is the length of the blank space given in the units shown to the
right.
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- The characters to the right are reserved in LaTeX for special purposes,
so to show them you must use a code.
- NOTE: In \~{n}, the n represents the letter over which the ~ goes.
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- Strings
- \TeX, \LaTeX, \LaTeX2e display the formatted text. For example \LaTeX shows
- \today displays the current date
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- Line Breaks
- \\ or \newline – starts a new line but not a new paragraph.
- \\* starts a new line but prohibits a page break at that location.
- With \linebreak[n] and \nolinebreak[n] LaTeX tries to position a line
break (or not position one) that looks good based on the value of n
- n can be an integer from 0-4; the higher the number the stronger the
recommendation to LaTeX to perform the line break.
- In general, LaTeX tries to position new lines so that the text is
evenly spaced.
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- Page Breaks
- \newpage – starts a new page
- Similar to \linebreak[n], with \pagebreak[n] and \nopagebreak[n] LaTeX
tries to even out the right border of the page based on the value of n (0-4)
- \sloppy loosens LaTeX’s even positioning; \fussy restores LaTeX back to
it’s normal positioning
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- LaTeX automatically hyphenates words as necessary to even out the right
border.
- \hyphenation{wordlist} – this command goes in the preamble; it allows
the default hyphenating of LaTeX to be overridden; the words given in wordlist
are hyphenated as specified by the \- in the words; a lack of \- in a
word tells LaTeX not to hyphenate that word at all.
- In the body of the text, \- can also be used to suggest where a hyphen
should go.
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- Words with special characters are not automatically hyphenated. The hyphenation must be specified.
- To prevent hyphenation of words, use \mbox{text} or \fbox{text}
- Any words in text are kept together under all circumstances. To show just the text, use \mbox, to
draw a box around the text, use \fbox.
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- \rm – roman
- \sl – slanted roman
- \it – italic
- \tt – typewriter
- \bf – boldface
- \em – emphasis
- \emph{text} – same as above, but this doesn’t change the font and will
work to emphasize any font
- \underline{text} – also doesn’t change the font, just underlines it
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- LaTeX input files must end in .tex and be stored as a plain ASCII text
file, not RTF or any other format
- To run LaTeX on a file, enter
- latex blah.tex
- If no errors are found, this will generate a .dvi file
- If there is an error, LaTeX will give some indication and stop
processing the file; Ctrl-D will return you to the command line (exits
LaTeX)
- To convert to PS, you can use
- dvips –Pcmz blah.dvi –o blah.ps
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- To insert a mathematical expression directly into a line of text,
surround the expression with $expression$.
- To insert an expression in its own line, surround it by \[expression\].
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- To insert numbered or multiline expressions, use the following:
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- \mathnormal - default
- \mathit – math italic
- \boldmath – math bold (closed with \unboldmath)
- \mathbf – boldface
- \mathrm – roman
- \mathsl – slanted roman
- \mathtt – typewriter
- \mathcal – calligraphic (symbols)
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- \quad – inserts a blank space the size of the letter “M”
- \, - inserts a thin blank space
- \! – removes a thin blank space
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- Prime:
- Superscripts and Subscripts:
- $a^b$ –
- $a_b$ –
- $a^{bc}$ –
- $a_{bc}$ –
- They can be nested as well, like $a_{b_c}$ –
- Fractions:
- $\frac{numerator}{denominator}$ – numerator and denominator can be
mathematical expressions
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- Square Roots:
- \sqrt[n]{expression}, where n is the degree of the root
- Large Delimiters:
- \left( expression \right), where ( and ) are the delimiters (these
could also be [ ], \{ \}, or | | also)
- \over( expression \under)
- \overline{expression} and \underline{expression} create a line over or
under an expression
- Text in an Expression:
- to insert text so its not in math italic, use \mbox{text}
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- Conventionally functions are not given in italics, so LaTeX presents the
following standard functions automatically in Roman; any functions not
on this list require a \mbox{} to convert the font.
- \arccos, \arcsin, \arctan, \arg, \cos, \cosh, \cot, \coth, \csc, \deg, \det,
\dim, \exp, \gcd, \hom, \inf, \ker, \lg, \lim, \liminf, \limsup, \ln, \log,
\max, \min, \Pr, \sec, \sin, \sinh, \sup, \tan, \tanh
- Example Code: Example PDF File:
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- To point the user to other locations in the document in a dynamic way,
such as figures, sections, etc…
- \label{marker} – labels this location with the label marker
- \ref{marker} – generates the number of the section, subsection, figure,
table, or theorem where the label marker is
- \pageref{marker} – generates the page number where the label marker is
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- Automatically inserts the superscript number and the footnote at the
bottom of the page
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- Used to set various properties for several lines of text
- In general the format is:
- \begin{environment} text \end{environment} where environment is the
name of the environment
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- List Environments:
- enumerate – creates enumerated lists
- itemize – creates simple bulleted lists
- description – format for terms and definitions
- Justification Environments:
- flushleft, center, flushright – justifies text like the name implies
- abstract – special environment for adding an abstract to a scientific
publication
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- quote – indents quotes up to one paragraph in length
- quotation – indents multiparagraph quotes, further indenting the first
line of each paragraph
- verse – for quoting poems because it doubly indents wrapped lines so
each line of the poem is easy to identify
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- Generates text just as it is entered, without any LaTeX commands being
executed; this is useful for showing LaTeX commands in the text
- Using \begin{verbatim*} shows a V for each space in the text
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- The bare minimum (3 lines) that is needed in the LaTeX class file.
- Sets only text width and height and defines \normalsize
- Intended for debugging and testing.
- Base used for designing a new class that is radically different from the
structure supplied by the article class.
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- A document class for conference proceedings, based on article.
- Provides two column output.
- \copyrightspace makes the blank
space for a copyright notice (can be used after first \footnote
command).
- LaTeX automatically numbers the output pages.
- It is a good idea to identify the paper.
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- It is a less complicated version of the book class, often used for
theses and other short multi-chapter documents.
- Parts available in report:
- \chapter{chapter title}
- \section{section title}
- \subsection{subsection title}
- \paragraph{paragraph title}
- \subparagraph{subparagraph title}
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- Uses a bigger based font size, suitable for transparency presentations,
and provides an easy way to make overlays.
- \documentclass{slides}
- \begin{document}
- \begin{slide}
- \begine{itemize}
- \item Item 1
- \item My item 2
- \end{itemize}
- \end{slide}
- \begin{slide}
- ….
- \end{slide}
- \end{documemt}
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- It depends on the class what types of sections are available.
- Article:
- \section{…}, \subsection{...}, \subsubsection{…}
- \paragraph{…}, \subparagraph{…}
- \part{…}
- Report or Book:
- To leave a section out of the Table of Contents, use a * after the
command, for example \chapter*{…}
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- \tableofcontents – automatically generates the TOC at the location this
command is issued; the document must be compiled 2-3 times to get the TOC to be
generated properly.
- To specify a short version of a section title for the TOC, place it in []
after the section command:
- \chapter[shorttitle]{longtitle}
- \maketitle – generates the title of the document at the location it is
issued; the contents of the title are set using the following:
- \title{title}, \author{author}, and \data{data}
- NOTE: for several authors, separate the names with an \and
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- Create index entries using the theindex environment
- \begin{theindex}
- \end{theindex}
- This environment is 2-column with the header INDEX
- Entries are made using \item, \subitem, \subsubitem, and \indexspace
(leaves a blank line in the index)
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- MakeIndex is a program that can be run on a LaTeX file that contains
MakeIndex commands
- To use MakeIndex on a LaTeX file, include \usepackage{makeidx} in the
preamble
- To supply the words for the index, use
- \index{keyword}
- Commands may be used as keywords
- To create subitems use
- \index{main_keyword!sub_keyword}
- \index{main_keyword!sub_keyword!sub_sub_keyword}
- When LaTeX runs with the \makeindex command, it creates a .idx file
- This file contains \indexentry{keyword}{pagenumber} entries for each
keyword in the index
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- The input to MakeIndex is the .idx file
- The output is a .ind file that contains the index
- To include the index in the document include \printindex at the location
you want the index inserted
- After the .ind file has been created, run LaTeX on the document again to
insert the index
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- The MakeIndex program has several options you can set when it is run
from the command line
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- \frontmatter – goes immediately after the \begin{document} command; page
numbering in this section is in Roman numerals and sections aren’t
enumerated, but they will be included in the TOC
- \mainmatter – contains the body of the text (chapters), uses Arabic page
numbering, and the counter is reset (doesn’t continue from the
frontmatter)
- \appendix – comes after the main body of the text, each chapter in the
appendix is enumerated by letters.
- \backmatter – contains the bibliography, index, etc…
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- The easiest way to align text in columns can be accomplished by using tabbing
- \begin{tabbing}
- column 1 \= column 2 \= column 3 \\
- txt in col1 \> txt in col2 \> txt in col 3\\
- Txt in col1 \> \> txt in col3\\
- ……..
- ……..
- \end{tabbing}
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- Following commands can be used inside of tabbing environment
- \= (set tab)
- \> (advance to next tab
stop)
- \< (the left of the local
margin )
- \+ (indent; move margin right)
- \- (unindent; move margin left)
- \’ (flush against the current
column's tab stop)
- \` (flushed right against any
tab stop)
- \\ (end of line; newline)
- \kill (ignore preceding text; use
only for spacing)
- \hspace[*]{len} adds horizontal space
- The accents inside tabbing are created by using \a=, \a', \a`
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- tabbing environment can be used only in paragraph mode.
- tabbing starts new paragraph.
- tabbing can be split across
multiple pages.
- The width of the columns is determined by setting tab stops.
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- \begin{tabbing}
- \bf Type\quad\= \bf Quality\quad\= \bf Color\quad\= \bf Price\\[2ex]
- paper \> med. \> white \> low\\
- letter \>good\>brown\>high\\
- \> \>red
- \end{tabbing}
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- Creates tables with optional horizontal and vertical lines.
- tabular environment can be used in any mode not only in paragraph.
- Table is treated as one letter that cannot be split across pages.
- The width of the columns is determined automatically by LaTeX.
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- \begin{tabular}[pos]{cols}
- Or
- \begin{tabular*}{width}[pos]{cols}
- The * makes the width argument mandatory (specifies the width of the
tabular environment)
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- pos Specifies the vertical position of the whole tabular environment
(recall that it is a box). The default is to align the box on the center
of the environment.
- t - align on top row
- b - align on bottom row
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- cols Specifies the column formatting. It consists of a sequence of the
following specifies, at least one for each of the columns.
- l - A column of left-aligned items.
- r - A column of right-aligned items.
- c - A column of centered items.
- p{wd} - Produces a column which can be multiple lines.
- | - A vertical line the full height and depth of the environment.
- @{text} - This inserts text in every row.
- *{num}{cols} - Equivalent to num copies of cols, where num is any
positive integer and cols is any list of column-specifiers, which may
contain another *-expression.
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- \begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|r|} \hline
- Type & Quality & Color & Price \\ \hline \hline
- paper & med. & white &low\\
- letter &good & brown & high\\
- & & red & \\ \hline
- \end{tabular}
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- \begin{figure}
- \centering
- \caption{$G_{(4,7)}(u)$}
- \begin{tabular}{c c c c c }
- & &
& $a$ &$a$ \\
- & &
& $a$ &$a$ \\
- & & $b$ & $\diamond$ & \\
- & $b$ &$b$ & $b$ & \\
- $a$& $\diamond$ & $b$
& & \\
- & $\diamond$ & &
& \\
- \end{tabular}
- \end{figure}
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- \begin{figure}[h]
- \centering
- \caption{Ordering of $w$}
- \begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|l|c|c|} \hline
- $k_{0}$ & $p_{0,k_{0}} $ & $v_{0,k_{0}} $ & $v'_{0,k_{0}} $ & $p_{0,l_{0}}$
& $l_{0}$ \\ \hline
- $5$ & & ${\diamond}cbba$
& ${\diamond}cbba$ &
& $5$ \\
- $4$ & & $a$ & $cbba$ & & $4$ \\
- $3$ & &
$a{\diamond}cbba$ & $bba$
& & $3$ \\
- $2$ & & $ba$ & $ba$ & & $2$ \\
- $1$ & & $bba$ & $a$ & & $1$ \\
- $0$ & $1$ & $cbba$ &
$a{\diamond}cbba$ & & $0$
\\ \hline
- \end{tabular}
- \end{figure}
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- Advanced options of tabular:
- \begin{figure}[h]
- \centering
- \caption{Ordering of $w$}
- \begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|l|c|@{\hspace{0.2in}}c|} \hline
- $k_{0}$ & $p_{0,k_{0}} $ & $v_{0,k_{0}} $ & $v'_{0,k_{0}} $ & $p_{0,l_{0}}$
& $l_{0}$ \\ \hline
- $5$ & & ${\diamond}cbba$
& ${\diamond}cbba$ &
& $5$ \\
- $4$ & & $a$ & $cbba$ & & $4$ \\
- $3$ & &
$a{\diamond}cbba$ & $bba$
& & $3$ \\
- $2$ & & $ba$ & $ba$ & & $2$ \\
- $1$ & & $bba$ & $a$ & & $1$ \\
- $0$ & $1$ & $cbba$ &
$a{\diamond}cbba$ & & $0$
\\ \hline
- \end{tabular}
- \end{figure}
- The @ parameter can be used to insert text or commands in every field of
specified column.
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- \begin{figure}[h]
- \centering
- \caption{Ordering of $w$}
- $
- \begin{array}{|c|c|l|l|c|c|} \hline
- k_{0} & p_{0,k_{0}} & v_{0,k_{0}} &
v'_{0,k_{0}} &
p_{0,l_{0}} & l_{0} \\ \hline
- 5 & & \diamond cbba & \diamond cbba & & 5 \\
- 4 & & a & cbba & & 4 \\
- 3 & & a{\diamond}cbba & bba & & 3 \\
- 2 & & ba & ba & & 2 \\
- 1 & & bba & a & & 1 \\
- 0 & 1 &cbba
&a{\diamond}cbba & &
0 \\ \hline
- \end{array}
- $
- \end{figure}
- Array syntax resembles tabular.
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- The idea behind floating bodies is to solve a problem of figures or
tables that are too big to fit on a current page while also filling
current page with body text.
- Latex offers two environments for floating bodies one for tables and one
for figures.
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- \begin{figure}[placement]
- body of the figure
- \caption{figure title}
- \end{figure}
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- \begin{table}[placement]
- body of the table
- \caption{table title}
- \end{table}
- (optional form of table exists table*, puts table in a single column
when in two column mode)
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- Optional parameter for table and figure determines where LaTeX will try
to place your floating body
- h Here - at the position in the text where the table environment
appears.
- t Top - at the top of a text page.
- b Bottom - at the bottom of a text page.
- p Page of floats - on a separate float page, which is a page containing
no text, only floats.
- ! without considering most of the internal parameters which could stop
this float from being placed.
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- the minipage environment can
be used to put one or more paragraphs inside of a picture environment or
as a table item
- \begin{minipage}[pos]{width}
- text
- \end{minipage}
- width - Mandatory specifies the width of the minipage.
- pos - t -for top or b for bottom.
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- \begin{minipage}[b]{0.5\linewidth}
- \setlength{\unitlength}{1mm}
- \begin{picture}(50,40)
- \put(30,30){\circle{30}}
- \put(30,30){\circle*{5}}
- \end{picture}\\
- Drawing with LaTeX example
circle.
- \end{minipage}
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- Tabular can be combined with minipage
to place figures side by side. It can also be used to create one figure
out of two or more figures.
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- \begin{figure}[t]
- \begin{tabular}{|c|c|} \hline
- \bf{Normal:} & \bf{Reverse:} \\ \hline
- \begin{minipage}[b]{0.5\linewidth}
- \centering
- \caption{Ordering of $w$}
- \begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|l|c|c|} \hline
- $k_{0}$ & $p_{0,k_{0}} $ & $v_{0,k_{0}} $ & $v'_{0,k_{0}} $ & $p_{0,l_{0}}$
& $l_{0}$ \\ \hline
- $5$ & $$ & ${\diamond}cbba$
& ${\diamond}cbba$ & $$ & $5$ \\
- $4$ & $$ & $a$ &
$cbba$ & $$ & $4$ \\
- $3$ & $$ & $a{\diamond}cbba$
& $bba$ & $$ & $3$ \\
- $2$ & $$ & $ba$ &
$ba$ & $$ & $2$ \\
- $1$ & $$ & $bba$ &
$a$ & $$ & $1$ \\
- $0$ & $1$ & $cbba$ &
$a{\diamond}cbba$ & $$ & $0$ \\ \hline
- \end{tabular}
- \end{minipage} &
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- \begin{minipage}[b]{0.5\linewidth}
- \centering
- \caption{Reverse ordering of
$w$}
- \begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|l|c|c|} \hline
- $k_{1}$ & $p_{1,k_{1}} $ & $v_{1,k_{1}} $ & $v'_{1,k_{1}} $ & $p_{1,l_{1}}$
& $l_{1}$ \\ \hline
- $5$ & $$ & ${\diamond}a$
& ${\diamond}a$ & $$ & $5$ \\
- $4$ & $$ & $a$ &
$c{\diamond}a$ & $$ & $4$ \\
- $3$ & $$ & $abbc{\diamond}a$
& $bc{\diamond}a$ & $$ & $3$ \\
- $2$ & $$ & $bbc{\diamond}a$
& $bbc{\diamond}a$ & $$ & $2$ \\
- $1$ & $$ & $bc{\diamond}a$
& $a$ & $$ & $1$ \\
- $0$ & $5$ & $c{\diamond}a$
& $abbc{\diamond}a$ & $$ & $0$ \\ \hline
- \end{tabular}
- \end{minipage} \\
- & \\ \hline % extra space
- \end{tabular}
- \end{figure}
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100
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101
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- The 3 steps required to import images:
- Export picture in EPS format.
- Load the graphicx package:
- \usepackage[driver]{graphicx}
- Include your graphics file:
- \includegraphics[key=value,key=value,…]{file}
- (driver usually dvips )
- Possible keys; width, height, angle, scale, angle, more options ...
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102
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- Using floating bodies and Graphics together:
- \begin{figure}
- \centering
- \includegraphics[angle=90,width=0.75\textwidth]{pic.eps}
- \caption{A picture, included from pic.eps file.}
- \end{figure}
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|
103
|
- The picture environment allows creating graphics using latex commands.
- (circles, eclipses, lines, vectors,…)
- \begin{picture}(x,y)
- ….
- ….
- \end{picture}
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104
|
- Some commands available in picture environment:
- \setlength{\unitlength}{1.5in}
- \put(x,y){object}
- \multiput(x,y)(Δx, Δy){n}{object}
- Bezier curves :
- \qbezier(x1,y1)(x2,y2)(x3,y3)
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|
105
|
- \begin{figure}
- \centering
- \setlength{\unitlength}{5cm}
- \begin{picture}(1,1)
- \put(0,0){\line(0,1){1}}
- \put(0,0){\line(1,1){1}}
- \put(0,0){\line(1,0){1}}
- \put(0,0){\line(1,2){.5}}
- \end{picture}
- \caption{Drawing with LaTeX}
- \end{figure}
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|
106
|
- \begin{figure}
- \centering
- \setlength{\unitlength}{5cm}
- \begin{picture}(1,1)
- \put(0,0){\vector(0,1){1}}
- \put(0,0){\vector(1,1){1}}
- \put(0,0){\vector(1,0){1}}
- \end{picture}
- \begin{caption}
- Drawing with LaTeX example $f(x) = y$
- \end{caption}
- \end{figure}
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|
107
|
- \begin{figure}
- \centering
- \setlength{\unitlength}{1mm}
- \begin{picture}(50,40)
- \put(30,30){\circle{30}}
- \put(30,30){\circle*{5}}
- \end{picture}
- \caption{Drawing with LaTeX example 3 circle.}
- \end{figure}
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|
108
|
- Existing LaTeX commands are sufficient for most situations. But if there
is something that you think is missing you can always add or modify using following commands:
- \newcommand
- \renewcommand
- \providecommand
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|
109
|
- \newcommand{name}[num][opt]{def}
- name – the name of your new command.
- num – is an optional parameter specifying number of arguments the new
command requires if not present the default is 0.
- opt – number of arguments that are required if num is used.
- def – definition what your new command should do.
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|
110
|
- \documentclass{article}
- \newcommand{\uncg}{University of North Carolina at Greensboro}
- \begin{document}
- I’m a graduate student at the \uncg.
- \end{document}
|
|
111
|
- The renewcommand and providecommand
have the same syntax as the newcommand except:
- renewcommand is used to override already existing command.
- providecommand is used if the command is already defined latex will
ignore your command.
|
|
112
|
- \documentclass{article}
- \renewcommand{\^} {{\diamond}}
- \begin{document}
- $u=abaab\^ ba$
- \end{document}
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|
113
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- \documentclass{article}
- \renewcommand{\^} {{\diamond}}
- \begin{document}
- $u=abaab\^ ba$ \\
- $a^u$ and $u^\^$ \\
- Still works !
- \end{document}
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114
|
- Just as allowing you to create a new commands LaTeX also provides you
ability to create your own environment using newenvironment and renewenvironment commands.
- (the syntax for newenvironment and renewenvironment is the same the only
difference is that renewenvironment redefines already existing
environment)
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115
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- \newenvironment{name}[args][opt]{begdef}{enddef}
- \renewenvironment{name}[args][opt]{begdef}{enddef}
- name – the name of your environment.
- args – optional the number of arguments.
- opt – optional the number of arguments required that are listed in args.
- begdef The text substituted for every occurrence of \begin{nam}; a
parameter of the form #n in begdef is replaced by the text of the nth
argument when this substitution takes place.
- enddef The text substituted for every occurrence of \end{nam}. It may
not contain any argument parameters.
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116
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- If you created a large number of newcommands and newenvironments the
preamble of your document can become quite large, to avoid this it is
recommended to place your new commands and environments in a separate
file and include it using the \usepackage.
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117
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- To create your package file place all of your new commands and
environments in a separate file and save it with file extension .sty at
the top of the file add \ProvidesPackage command.
- \ProvidesPackage{name} command
- name – specifies the name of your package it has to match the name you
use with \usepackage command.
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118
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- Wilkins, D. R. “Summary of
Commonly-Used Features of LaTeX.”
19 Nov. 1993: 1-15 p.
Online. Internet. 22 Jan. 2006. Available http://www.ce.chalmers.se/~thomasl/dochelp/lashort.pdf
- Kern, Uwe. Chroma: A Reference
Book of LaTeX Colors. 4 April
2004 : n. pag. Online. Internet. 13 Jan. 2006. Available http://www.ctan.org/tex- archive/documentation/colour/chroma/chroma.pdf
- Smart, Julian. “Commands by
Category.” Manual for Tex2RTF
2.0: A LaTeX to RTF and HTML Converter.
Nov. 1999. http://www.iriset.ac.in/man/wxwinm/tex2rtf/t2rtf28.htm#topic36
(21 Jan. 2006).
- ---. “LaTeX Commands.” Manual for Tex2RTF 2.0: A LaTeX to RTF
and HTML Converter. Nov. 1999. http://www.iriset.ac.in/man/wxwinm/tex2rtf/t2rtf25.htm
(21 Jan. 2006).
- Oetiker, Tobias, et al. The Not
So Short Introduction to LaTeX 2e.
27 Sep. 2005: 1-66 p.
Online. Internet. 11 Jan. 2006. Available http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/lshort/english/lshort.pdf
- LaTeX 3 Project Team. “LaTeX 2e
for Authors.” 31 Jul. 2001: 11-23
p. Online. Internet. 20 Jan. 2006. Available http://www.latex-project.org/guides/usrguide.pdf
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Notes
