 The
data below illustrate some basic phonological processes in Mende. Organize
and describe the phonological change in the Mende language data. You will
need to use your Mende phonetics project.
| MENDE |
ENGLISH |
MENDE |
ENGLISH |
| fe |
pot |
fei |
the pot |
| kpindi |
night |
kpindii |
the night |
| sani |
bottle |
sanii |
the bottle |
| te |
chicken |
tei |
the chicken |
| fande |
shirt |
fandei |
the shirt |
| ndopo |
child |
ndopei |
the child |
| maha |
chief |
mahei |
the chief |
| mita |
spoon |
mitei |
the spoon |
| soku |
corner |
sokii |
the corner |
| ngali |
thorn |
ngalii |
the thorn |
| ndolo |
country |
ndolei |
the country |
| hindo |
man |
hindei |
the man |
| nyaha |
woman |
nyahei |
the woman |
| hota |
stranger |
hotei |
the stranger |
| hale |
medicine |
halei |
the medicine |
| pele |
house |
pelei |
the house |
| ngoli |
ear |
ngolii |
the ear |
| ngongo |
tooth |
ngongei |
the tooth |
| mbola |
neck |
mbolei |
the neck |
| ngulu |
tree |
ngulii |
the tree |
| ndoma |
cloth |
nodmei |
the cloth |
| koti |
stone |
kotii |
the stone |
| kpaki |
shoulder |
kpakii |
the shoulder |
| nde |
sibling |
ndei |
the sibling |
| ndiamo |
friend |
ndiamei |
the friend |
| mbala |
sheep |
mbalei |
the sheep |
| ngu |
head |
ngii |
the head |
.
Note: ng = [+nasal, +velar, +stop, +voice]
Now consider the following data using the same language information,
but adding another grammatical feature which triggers a phonological change.
| MENDE |
ENGLISH |
MENDE |
ENGLISH |
| fei |
the pot |
nya vei |
my pot |
| kotii |
the stone |
nya gotii |
my stone |
| kpakii |
the shoulder |
nya gbakii |
my shoulder |
| sanii |
the bottle |
nya janii |
my bottle |
| ndopei |
the child |
nya lopei |
my child |
| pelei |
the house |
nya welei |
my house |
| ngolii |
the ear |
nya wolii |
my ear |
| ngongei |
the tooth |
nya wongei |
my tooth |
| ngulii |
the tree |
nya wulii |
my tree |
| ngalii |
the thorn |
nya yalii |
my thorn |
| ngilei |
the dog |
nya yilei |
my dog |
| ndomei |
the cloth |
nya lomei |
my cloth |
| tei |
the chicken |
nya lei |
my chicken |
| mbowei |
the knife |
nya bowei |
my knife |
| fakalii |
the fruit |
nya vakalii |
my fruit |
| tokei |
the arm |
nya lokei |
my arm |
| kalii |
hoe |
nya galii |
my hoe |
| ngambii |
the knee |
nya yambii |
my knee |
| kpelei |
the beard |
nya gbelei |
my beard |
| mbalei |
the sheep |
mya balei |
my sheep |
| ndiamei |
the friend |
nya liamei |
my friend |
Organize
and describe the phonological change in the above Mende language data.
For
both parts write formal phonological rules using phonetic features. |
