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From: Reinhart, J. and Slowinski, J.
(Under Review). ETIP: A Professional Development Model for School Leaders to Facilitate the Infusion of Technology in Classrooms to Promote Constructivist Practice. (*Both authors share first authorship.)
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Level I |
Level II |
Level III |
Level IV |
Level V | |||||
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Educational Environment's Vision |
Goal @ Level 1: Members of the educational community become technology users. |
Goal @ Level 2: Technology is utilized to assist with classroom productivity. |
Goal @ Level3: Curriculum is enhanced by technology. |
Goal @ Level 4: Students construct knowledge utilizing a wide range of
tools depending on the subject matter. Technology is one of the tools that
students may utilize. |
Ultimate Goal: Students and Teachers use technology as tools for communication, collaboration, and analysis. | |||||
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Teacher Target |
Personal Productivity: Teacher
uses technology for personal and task management concerns. |
Professional Productivity:
Teacher uses technology in their classroom for professional task
management concerns. |
Professional Enrichment:
Teacher builds a clear relationship with technology and
curriculum. |
Paradigm Shift: Teacher
changes the manner in which they teach and assess. The use of technology
becomes invisible. |
Visionary: Teacher shares
experiences based on own research and develops improvements in
practice. | |||||
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Role of Teacher in PD Process |
Learner: teacher spends time learning how to use the technology. |
Adopter: teacher adopts their personal use of technology for professional productivity. |
Adapter: teacher uses the technology for instruction rather than in support of instruction. |
Designer: teacher improves the use of technology for instruction to more closely match the students' needs. |
Leader: teacher trains other teachers on the area of technology integration in which they excel. | |||||
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Pedagogical focus of the teacher |
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Instructionism—Transmission Learning by teacher driven projects. Student as static learner. |
Constructivism--Constructionism: Learning by Making. Student as apprentice. |
Participatory Constructionism: Group learning in authentic context and situated learning. Student as creator. | |||||
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PD Bridge |
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PD Product |
• Workshops, |
• Workshops, |
• Mentor, |
Support Development and Implementation: • Virtual Mentor, |
• Virtual collegial
collaboration, | |||||
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Role of Change
Agents |
Technology Facilitator (TF):
Provide workshops and In-building tech assistance.
Also, create a technology help line. Begin building an on-line
just-in-time repository on the schools website that teachers can easily
access. Also, post on the Website tutorials for the common software
that the school owns. Administration (Admin): Require
email for school-based communication and provide email accounts to
teachers. Also, implement the use of a school-based Website.
Lobby the school board to make email an official form of
communication and eliminate paper-based daily bulletins. |
TF: Continue providing workshops. Target train tech savvy teachers in order to enable the teachers to work with other teachers in the school, continue the use of the help line, add to the online resources. Admin: Provide access to equipment in the classroom and support after school workshops. Encourage use of technology. Administration should also provide time for PD and promotes/encourages teachers to particpate. Teachers should receive CEUs upon completion of a product. |
TF: Move away
from formal workshops towards modeling and mentoring. Continue to
utilize the assistance of tech savvy teachers. Also, utilize
students as informal tech assistants. Continue developing
technology-related online resources for teachers. School Library Media Specialist (SLMS):
Mentor and Model the use of information technology for research
through information literacy collaborations with teachers. Also,
Alternate Lunch Byte sessions with the TF and collaborate with the TF to
create a resource search engine. Admin: Administration promotes and encourages project -based CEUs for teacher PD. Teachers receive CEUs once project is complete. Administration also encourages curriculum specific project-based PD. |
TF: Utilize
virtual mentoring rather than face-to-face modeling and mentoring.
Continue utilizing the assistance of tech savvy teachers, and
students as informal tech assistants. SLMS: Utilize virtual mentoring
for information literacy collaborations with teachers. Admin: Continue with what was done
at level 3 and if possible reward people monetarily and/or with equipment
for progressing to these student-centered levels on a daily basis. |
TF and SLMS: Work collaboratively
with teachers and students in group learning experiences. Continue
utilizing the virtual environment that you used to mentor teachers but at
this stage the interactions should be more collaborative. Also,
introduce new and innovative technologies and resources as they become
available. | |||||
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Motivation |
Success: Create an intrinsically motivating tech project that utilizes process goals rather than product goals. The subject matter should be grounded in what the teacher does. Provide follow-up PD. |
Success: Use process goals
with projects that use technology to automate professional tasks. The
subject matter should be grounded in what the teacher does. Provide
follow-up to PD. |
Public Praise: Disseminate
praise for exemplary student work. Focus on the instructional method
not the technology. Provide follow-up to PD. |
Public Praise: Disseminate praise for exemplary project. Ed Tech newsletters or show case in Tech Brief. Focus on the instructional method not the technology. |
Rewards: Incentive for facilitation opportunities; Showcase exemplary practices. Ed tech roundtables during teacher workdays. | |||||
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Examples |
Teacher uses E-mail to communicate with friends and family. |
Teacher uses DreamWeaver, to create a basic Webpage to post class news, links and homework assignments. |
Teacher adopts a WebQuest. Best Practices: China
WebQuest |
Teacher creates their own web quest and
technical tools are in the hands of the students. Teacher also
collaborates with colleagues. |
Teacher engages in virtual collaboration with a
scientist to solve a local authentic problem. | |||||
Adapted from Sherry, L., Billig, S., Tavalin, F. and Gibson,
D. (2000); Rogers, (2000); Rogers (1995); Hall & Horde (1987); Keller
(1983); Schunk & Ertmer (1999); Papert, S. (1991); Resnick, M.
(1996).
References and
Resources
©2005 http://www.uncg.edu/lis/faculty/reinhart/ETip.htm